Antimicrobial activities of Tephrosia vogelii against selected pathogenic fungi and bacteria strains
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Date
2019-12-19
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Abstract
Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans are dangerous pathogens causing fungal dis eases. C. albicans and C. neoformans developed resistance to fungicides such as fluconazole.
Similarly, pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and
Salmonella typhi have become resistant to antibiotcs such as methicillin. Thus, searching for
alternative antimicrobial agents is inevitable. Tephrosia vogelii used traditionally for manage ment of fungal and bacterial diseases is potential source of antimicrobial agents. It is in this
vein that, antimicrobial activities of leaf and root extracts of T. vogelii were evaluated against
C. albicans (ATCC 90028), C. neoformans (clinical isolate), S. aureus (ATCC25923), E. coli
(ATCC29953), K. pneumoniae (ATCC 700603) and S. typhi (NCTC 8385). A two-fold serial dilution
method using the sterilised 96 wells of polystyrene microlitre plates used to determine the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts. Hexane and dichloromethane extracts
exhibited the lowest activity against fungi strains with MICs >10 mg/mL. Root and leaf
methanolic extracts exhibited activity at MICs of 5 and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively, against
both tested fungi. Dichloromethane and methanolic extracts exhibited antibacterial activity
with MICs ranging from 2.5 - 10 mg/mL and 0.625 - 5 mg/mL, respectively. Antimicrobial
activities of the extracts of T. vogelii revealed potentiality of bioactives against fungal and
bacterial diseases.
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Keywords
Tephrosia vogelii; antifungal agents; antibacterial agents; methanolic extracts