Department of Archeology and Heritage Studies

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.udsm.ac.tz/handle/123456789/35

Browse

Browsing Department of Archeology and Heritage Studies by Subject "Archaeology"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Archaeological Field Research at Ifakara, Tanzania
    (Nyame Akuma, 2008) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus
    This paper reports on field research conducted at Ifakara, east-central Tanzania (Figure 1). Ifakara is terra incognito archaeologically speaking because until this fieldwork research, nothing had been reported from this part of Tanzania. The field work was designed (1) to conduct an ethnoarchaeological survey with a view to assess public awareness of cultural heritage, (2) to conduct extensive archaeological survey to discover sites, and (3) to study modern iron smiths. This paper is based on preliminary analysis and presents results of the field research. Results indicate that Ifakara is archaeologically significant.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Archaeological Field Research in Njombe, Tanzania
    (Nyame Akuma, 2008) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus
    This report is based on field research conducted at Njombe, southern Tanzania (Figure 1). The field research focused on investigating the bio-metallurgy of Bena ironworking and excavating Nundu iron smithing site. The results for this study indicate that while Bena iron workers were species-selective during iron working and that Nundu is an incontrovertibly smithing site in the southern highlands of Tanzania.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Archaeology of Hehe Iron Smelting Technology at Kalenga, Southern Tan zania
    (Studies in the African Past, 2012) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Bloom Refining Technology in Ufipa, Tanzania (1850-1950)
    (Archaeopress, 2012) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus; Mapunda, Bertram Baltazar; Thiro, Rehren
    The classification of African metalliferous relics generally lacks clarity, because African ironworking involved variable processes. The purpose of this paper was to find out how the refining process was related to or different from the smelting process, macroscopically, chemically, and microscopically. Macroscopically, refining sites or clusters in the field can be differentiated from smelting clusters based on attributes such as area size, slag morphology, quantity and composition of the remains. Chemically, it has been difficult to draw a line between the two processes, but there is a significant difference between the two based on microstructural analyses. Refining slag principally contain roundish iron prills indicative of a highly reducing process if compared to the smelting process, which results in more angular ferritic iron particles. These results indicate that the refining process was meant to consolidate incoherent and slag-rich bloom fragments into larger, denser and possibly more carbon-rich metal ready to be forged into high-quality implements.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    From Fipa to Nyiha Case Study: The Bloom Refining Process in Mbozi, Tanzania
    (Nyame Akuma, 2010) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Historical Archaeology in East Africa
    (Springer New York, 2013) Biginagwa, Thomas John
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Metallurgy in Tanzania
    (Springer, 2014) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus; Mapunda, Bertram Baltazar
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Multi-Directional Connectivity in Eastern and Southern Africa during the First and Early Second Millennia AD: Archaeological Evidence from Lupilo, Southern Tanzania.
    (Routledge, 2021) Ichumbaki, Elgidius
    Archaeology of connectivity has attracted researchers since the beginning of the discipline when migration theories reigned in archaeological research. In East Africa, it started close to the mid-twentieth century with a strong emphasis on coastal archaeology, because that is where imported and datable materials such as glass beads and porcelain were plentiful. Apart from contributing to the chronology of the culture history of the west coast of the Indian Ocean, such materials also acted as strong proofs for the connectivity between East Africa and the northern coast of the Indian Ocean and the Far East. As archaeological research expanded into the interior, these materials came to be used as markers of connectivity between the coast and the hinterland, and through it with the eastern world. Gradually, false assumptions emerged: first, that connectivity is almost always coast-interior oriented, and second, that it is almost always evinced by imported materials. This paper attempts to refute these assumptions using an inland site from southern Tanzania, which has proven to have strong links with the coast and, more strongly, with other inland sites as far as in what is today Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and South Africa. The evidence for this connectivity varies from symbolism and technology to trade objects.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Re-visiting African Bloom Refining Technology in Tanzania
    (Nyame Akuma, 2009) Lyaya, Edwinus Chrisantus