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Item Effect of Dimethylsulfoxide, Dimethylformamide and Diethylformamide on the Percutaneous Absorption of Eserine in Rats(1966-11) Wepierre, J.; Nouvel, G.; Cabanne, F.; James, MakunguItem Percutaneous Absorption in Vivo of $Sup 125$I-Thyroxine and $Sup 125$I- Triiodothyronine in the Rat(1974-01) James, Makungu; Wepierre, J.Item An albino bat Hipposideros ruber Noack, from Tanzania(1974-05) Howell, Kim; Mainoya, J. R.Item Localized Diffusion of Substances Absorbed Through the Skin(1974-05) James, Makungu; Marty, J. P.; Wepierre, J.Item Comparative Study of Absorption and Distribution of Dexamethasone-3H after Percutaneous or Oral Administration in Mice and Rats](1975-12) James, Makungu; Marty, J. P.; Wepierre, J.Percutaneous absorption of dexamethasone in alcoholic solution in mice and rats was low. Permeability constant measured on mice was included between 1.05 and 1.39.10(-5) cm/h. Under the site of application, a retention appeared in subcutaneous tissue and skeletal muscles which explained local pharmacological action. In other tissues (plasma, liver, kidney, adrenals and muscles), level of corticoid remained very low. On the contrary after oral administration, dexamethasone was present everywhere, concentration was the highest in liver and kidney.Item A Quantitative Study of the Ecology of the Serengeti Short Grasslands(1976) Banyikwa, Feetham F.Item Studies on Soil Erosion Control and Land Reclamation in Kondoa District, Tanzania: An Evaluation of the HADO Project(1979) Banyikwa, Feetham F.; Kikula, I. S.; Mohamed, S. A.; Rugumamu, SeverineItem Structural Evolution of the Ubendian Belt: Preliminary Results of a Traverse Between Karema and Mpanda (Tanzania).(1981) Nanyaro, J. T.; Basu, N. K.; Muhongo, S. M.; Mruma, Abdulkarim H.; Djare, S. A.; Mwakalukwa, G. L.; Nduma, I.; Mudiguza, K. M.; Van Straaten, P.; Klerkx, J.; Theunissen, K.Item Soil Erosion and Land Degradation in Tanzania: The Case of Kondoa Irangi Highlands, Dodoma, Tanzania.(1981) Banyikwa, Feetham F.; Kikula, I. S.Item Dwarf Variety of Coconut, Cocos Nucifera (Palmae), a Hostplant for the African Armyworm, Spodoptera Exempta (Wlk.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)(Cambridge University Press, 1981) Yarro, Jacob G.; Otindo, B. L.; Gatehouse, A. G.; Lubega, M. C.The dwarf variety of coconut, Cocos nucifera L. (Palmae), was found to be eaten by the larvae of the African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta (Wlk.). The comparison of the armyworm infestation on the leaves of the coconut seedlings and the adjacent grass species revealed lower larval density and growth rate on coconut seedlings. This observation suggests that a small population of the African armyworm can survive and develop on the leaves of the dwarf variety of coconut.Item The Current Status of the Rare Usambara Mountain Forest-Viper, Atheris Ceratophorus WERNER, 1895, Including A Probable New Record Of A. Nitschei Rungweensis BOGERT, 1940, And A Discussion Of Its Validity (Reptilia, Serpentes, Viperidae)(1981-12) Rasmussen, Jens B.; Howell, KimThe recent collecting of five specimens of Atheris ceratophorus WERNER, 1895, together with an examination of material already deposited in various museums documents new records outside the Usambara Mountains to which the species had been believed to be endemic. Lepidosis and hemipenial characters have been investigated and tabulated to give an impression of the intraspecific variation. The data of the new specimens provide some information on the natural history of this species. The validity of A. nitschei rungweensis is discussed and a probable new record is given.Item Rooting Responses of Juvenile and Adult Cuttings of Apple (Malus Sylvestris L.) and Peach (Prunus Persica L.) To Indole-3 Butyric Acid (IBA) and Season in Tanzania(1982) Nyomora, Agnes M. S.; Mnzava, N. A.Item Studies on the Littoral Ecology and Ecophysiology of Bostrychia Tenella (Vahl) J. Agardh (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales) in Tanzania [1982](1982) Mshigeni, K. E.; Mturi, Fatina A.Item Loss of Ascorbic Acid Due to Wilting in Some Green Leafy Vegetables(1983) Seeramulu, N.; Banyikwa, Feetham F.; Srivastava, V.Item Petrology of the Marginal Part of Mbozi Syenite—Gabbro Complex, Mbozi District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania(Elsevier, 1984) Basu, Nitin K.; Ikingura, Justinian R.Petrology of the marginal portion of the Mbozi syenite-gabbro complex occurring in southwestern Tanzania was studied. Petrographically, four rock types are recognised: gabbro, nepheline gabbro, nepheline syenite and nepheline-sodalite syenite. Texturally, the rocks exhibit a typical poikilitic texture in gabbro with large plates of undeformed plagioclase enclosing pyroxene and nepheline crystals to a protoclastic nepheline syenite and nepheline-sodalite syenite in which phenocrysts of nepheline, sodalite and pyroxene are set in a groundmass of shattered feldspars. Pyroxene and amphibole are sodic and aluminous in composition and their paragenesis indicates incomplete reaction relation; amphiboles exhibit exsolution of Ti in the form of ilmenite. It is concluded that an initially undersaturated magma favoured crystallization of nepheline and pyroxene in preference to plagioclase feldspars. Later shearing and granulation of the plagioclase and permiation of alkalic fluids may have given rise to the marginal alkaline rocks. Nepheline and mafic crystals are unaffected by the shearing as the strain was absorbed by the host plagioclase crystals. Twinning in pyroxene and amphibole crystals may, however, indicate effect of strain. Straight line variation diagrams of major elements and some of the trace elements and their ratios indicate probable mixing of magmas to produce the observed variation in rock types.Item Life and Fertility Tables for Spodoptera Exempta (Wlk.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)(Cambridge University Press, 1984) Yarro, Jacob G.Laboratory reared populations of Spodoptera exempta (Wlk.) had higher net reproductive rate and capacity for increase on maize, Zea mais L. and star grass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. than on Kikuyu grass, Pennisetum clandestinum Chiov., Guinea grass, Panicum maximum Jacq. and Setaria plicatilis (Hochst.) Hack. These parameters were greatly influenced by the larval mortality, but in all cases they were greater than one demonstrating that S. exempta populations can multiply on all the host plants tested. Since no populations with stable age distributions are known for S. exempta the net reproductive rate is more appropriate than the capacity for increase in estimating its population growth.Item Survival and Development of the African Armyworm Spodoptera Exempta (Wlk.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) on Some Grass Species (Graminae(Cambridge University Press, 1984) Yarro, Jacob G.At 25°C and 70% r.h. larvae of Spodoptera exempta develop faster and pass through five instars on star grass, Cynodon dactylon (L.); Pers. maize, Zea mais L.; and Kikuyu grass, Pennisetum clandestinum Chiov. whereas on guinea grass, Panicum maximum Jacq.; and Setaria plicatilis (Hochst.) Hack, the development is not only slower, but the larvae pass through six and seven instars, respectively. Samples of larvae reared on the former grass species suffer high mortality only at the first and the last instar stages so that the distribution of per cent mortality is U-shaped. On the latter host plants, the mortality during the first instar stage is equally high and continues through the subsequent instars with no obvious peak towards the end of the larval life. The samples on C. dactylon and Z. mais had much higher growth indices than those on P. maximum and S. plicatilis. C. dactylon is a preferred natural food plant of S. exempta in the field, and these investigations demonstrate its value and importance.Item Mineral Chemistry and Stability Relations of Talc-Piemonitite-Viridine Bearing Quartzite of Mautia Hill, Tanzania(1985) Basu, N. K.; Mruma, Abdulkarim H.Item Growth Analysis of Groundnuts (Arachis Hypogea) In Competition with Ageratum Conyzoides.(1985) Banyikwa, Feetham F.; Rulangaranga, Z. K.Item Zircon U-Pb and Biotite Rb-Sr Dating of the Wami River Granulites, Eastern Granulites, Tanzania; Evidence for Approximately 715 Ma Old Granulite-Facies Metamorphism and Final Pan-African Cooling Approximately 475 Ma Ago(1985) Maboko, Makenya A. H.; Boelrijk, N. A. I. M.; Priem, H. N. A.; Verdurmen, E. A. Th.A UPb investigation of suites of zircons from five granulites in the Wami River area, Tanzania, yields a 17-points discordia with upper and lower intercepts at 714−49+36 Ma and 538−35+49 Ma, respectively. These systematics are interpreted to indicate an age of approximately 715 Ma (Pan African) for the M1 granulite-facies metamorphism, whereas the lower intercept is related to a stage in the uplift and cooling following the M2 amphibolite-facies retrogradation (elsewhere dated at approximately 650 Ma). Three of the granulites contain minor amounts of an inherited, > 1600 Ma old zircon component, probably derived from the igneous precursors of the granulites. A suite of zircons from the adjacent biotite gneisses may signal a provenance age of approximately 2600 Ma (Tanzania craton?), but the U-Pb systematics do not clearly reflect the amphibolitefacies metamorphism (correlated with the M2 partial retrogradation of the granulites) that transformed the sedimentary sequences into gneisses (any petrographic record of a possible older metamorphic influence being absent). Biotite/whole-rock pairs from the same samples yield Rb-Sr ages between about 470 and 485 Ma for the granulites and about 458 Ma for the gneiss. They are interpreted as ‘cooling ages’ and set an age between about 485 and 460 Ma to the final cooling of the crust through the closure temperature of biotite to Rb-Sr. The subsequent granulite-facies and amphibolite-facies events and their chronology are fitted in the continent—continent collision model for the evolution of the Mozambique belt advocated by the first author.