Political ecology of tourism & livelihood in Zanzibar

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dc.contributor.authorLema, Godwin Adiel
dc.contributor.authorSigallah, Huruma L
dc.contributor.authorSambaiga, Faustine Richard
dc.contributor.authorVendelin, Simon
dc.contributor.authorShemaghembe, Emmanuel
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-01T15:00:29Z
dc.date.available2022-12-01T15:00:29Z
dc.date.issued2015-05-27
dc.descriptionThe article exposes drivers of tourism in Zanzibar explaining the contested natural, cultural heritage, revolutionary regime, neoliberal structural adjustment, legislations and policy changes in the archipelago shaping our understanding of tourism theory and practices overtime and spaceen_US
dc.description.abstractZanzibar has recorded significant growth in tourism development in the last three decades. Large tourist resort hotels were built on the island from the 1990s, partly due to the decline of agriculture particularly clove cultivation after the establishment of Structural Adjustment Programme SAPs in the 1980s and associated free market economy and liberalization policies. Hotels increased from less than 10 in the 1980s to about 250 hotels by 2010 (ZTC, 2010). The number of international tourists rose from 19,368 in 1985 to 134,954 in 2009. Natural and cultural resources and their environs are increasingly targeted as prime tourism attractions and are increasingly protected or conserved, primarily for tourist seeks/tourism purposes. Pro-poor tourism proponents hold that tourism is benefiting and sustaining local people’s livelihood, the claim is supported by the WTO- seven ways through which tourism contribute net benefits to the poor (WTO, 2006). Empirical evidence to substantiate the claim is less clear, the claim affirmed by critical perspective and post structuralists. Poverty and inequality is increasing in the rural areas, as such, hope for sustainable tourism livelihood policy and practice is dwindling.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWestern Indian Ocean Marine Science Associationen_US
dc.identifier.citation16. Lema, G.A., Huruma L. Sigallah, Richard F. Sambaiga, Vendelin Simon, Emmanuel Shemaghembe “Political ecology of tourism & livelihood in Zanzibar”, Sustainability, Tourism and Africa: A natural link, Thematic proceedings of ATLAS Africa Conferences, Volume 9 Edited by René van der Duim, Guido Klep, Evangelia Konstantinidou, Wilber Ahebwaen_US
dc.identifier.isbn978-90-75775-75-4
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11810/5928
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAssociation for Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS)en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesVolume 9;
dc.subjectDrivers of tourism, political ecology, policy, legislations, Zanzibaren_US
dc.titlePolitical ecology of tourism & livelihood in Zanzibaren_US
dc.title.alternativeSustainability, Tourism and Africa: A natural linken_US
dc.title.alternativeThematic proceedings of ATLAS Africa Conferencesen_US
dc.typeConference Proceedingsen_US
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