Design of International Airport Hybrid Renewable Energy System
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Date
2023-02-28
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Publisher
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology
Abstract
This paper presents the design and simulation of a hybrid renewable energy system, utilizing both solar and wind energy sources with a backup generator. The demand for reliable electric energy in support of investments in large social and economic developmental activities such as airport operations has been an agenda worldwide. In Tanzania, Mwanza International Airport (MIA) will expect to consume about 18 MVA annually of electricity power in support of its operations for the next 25 years. About 78-80% of the world commercial energy comes from fossil fuels. Non-renewable fuels apart from other negative effects contribute to global warming through emission of greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide. Additionally, most of centralized conventional methods of power generation require transmission systems, adding complexity of the system and poor power quality. Therefore, the proposal to use a mixed coupled hybrid renewable energy source to power the airport is necessary. The energy mix considered is solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, diesel generator and a battery. There is an average solar irradiation of 5.38 kWh/m2 and wind speed average of 4.20 m/s that could be converted to electricity by installation of a 10 kW wind turbine (this is enough to generate power for MIA) . The intermittency is taken care of by the diesel generator and the battery designed at 140 kVA and 400 Ah respectively. The project will be in operation for a period of 25 years hence its costs are reasonable and the justification is the potentiality of harvesting that estimated energy output of 18 MVA which will meet the load for MIA. The second reason is that for the next 25 years, once the turbine is installed, there will be no further investment on the same. Some mathematical computations were performed and, in the end simulation results displayed different techno-economic Hybrid Renewable Energy Source (HRSE) configurations. The complete design of the selected system would include 78.48 kW PV system comprising 314 pieces of 200 W poly-crystalline modules, 608 batteries of 83.4 Ah, 12 V rating, 140 kVA diesel generator, and 41.64 kVA bidirectional converter. The net present cost of the selected design is US$357,780.8, cost of energy is 0.93US$/kW, and minimum renewable fraction is 40.2%.
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Keywords
HOMER, Photovoltaic, Wind, Diesel, Renewable fraction