Browsing by Author "Wu, Felicia"

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    Aflatoxin levels in sunflower seeds and cakes collected from micro- and small-scale sunflower oil processors in Tanzania
    (2017-04-18) Mmongoyo, Juma A.; Wu, Felicia; Linz, John E.; Nair, Muraleedharan G.; Mugula, Jovin K.; Tempelman, Robert J.; Strasburg, Gale M.
    Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin found commonly in maize and peanuts worldwide, is associated with liver cancer, acute toxicosis, and growth impairment in humans and animals. In Tanzania, sunflower seeds are a source of snacks, cooking oil, and animal feed. These seeds are a potential source of aflatoxin contamination. However, reports on aflatoxin contamination in sunflower seeds and cakes are scarce. The objective of the current study was to determine total aflatoxin concentrations in sunflower seeds and cakes from small-scale oil processors across Tanzania. Samples of sunflower seeds (n = 90) and cakes (n = 92) were collected across two years, and analyzed for total aflatoxin concentrations using a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For seed samples collected June-August 2014, the highest aflatoxin concentrations were from Dodoma (1.7–280.6 ng/g), Singida (1.4–261.8 ng/g), and Babati-Manyara (1.8–162.0 ng/g). The highest concentrations for cakes were from Mbeya (2.8–97.7 ng/g), Dodoma (1.9–88.2 ng/g), and Singida (2.0–34.3 ng/g). For seed samples collected August-October 2015, the highest concentrations were from Morogoro (2.8–662.7 ng/g), Singida (1.6–217.6 ng/g) and Mbeya (1.4–174.2 ng/g). The highest concentrations for cakes were from Morogoro (2.7–536.0 ng/g), Dodoma (1.4– 598.4 ng/g) and Singida (3.2–52.8 ng/g). In summary, humans and animals are potentially at high risk of exposure to aflatoxins through sunflower seeds and cakes from micro-scale millers in Tanzania; and location influences risk.
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    COMPOUNDS FOR INHIBITION OF FUNGAL MYCOTOXIN AND SPORULATION
    (United States Patent No .: US 10,531,662 B2, 2020-01-14) Strasburg, Gale M.; Mmongoyo, Juma A.; Linz, John E.; Wu, Felicia; Mugula, Jovin K.; Dissanayake, Amila A.; Zhang, Chuan-Rui; Wee, Josephine M.; Nair, Muraleedharan G.; Day, Devin M.
    Compounds and compositions are described herein that inhibit the biosynthesis of mycotoxins and fungal sporula tion . Such compounds and compositions are useful for inhibiting mold . Methods of using such compounds and compositions are also described herein that involve applying the compositions to plants , plant parts , structures , contain ers , and other surfaces