Browsing by Author "Quinn, Claire H."

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    Effect of The Lower Kihansi Hydropower Project and Post-Project Mitigation Measures On Wetland Vegetation In Kihansi Gorge, Tanzania
    (Springer, 2005-02) Quinn, Claire H.; Ndangalasi, Henry J.; Gerstle, John H.; Lovett, Jon C.
    Reduction in flow of the Lower Kihansi River, Tanzania, caused by implementation of a hydropower project in May 2000 has the potential to lead to changes in vegetation composition of spray maintained wetlands. These wetlands are the only known habitat for the Kihansi Spray Toad, Nectophrynoides asperginis. In this paper, change over time is assessed by comparing samples taken in 1998 before reduction in flow, with those taken in 2000 after reduction in flow, in 2001 following installation of a sprinkler system built to maintain the wetlands and in 2002 eighteen months after sprinkler installation. The vegetation was found to change markedly following initiation of the project, with marsh and stream side species dying back and weedy species entering the wetland. The wetland continued to change following installation of the sprinkler system and has not appeared to have reverted back towards the pre-project condition, although diversity and the proportion of marsh and stream side species are greater in 2002 than in 1998.
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    Unpacking Changes in Mangrove Social-Ecological Systems: Lessons from Brazil, Zanzibar, and Vietnam
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2017-03-15) Quinn, Claire H.; Stringer, Lindsay C.; Berman, Rachel J.; Le, Hue T.V.; Msuya, Flower E.; Pezzuti, Juarez C.B.; Orchard, Steven E.
    Mangroves provide multiple benefits, from carbon storage and shoreline protection to food and energy for natural resource-dependent coastal communities. However, they are coming under increasing pressure from climate change, coastal development, and aquaculture. There is increasing need to better understand the changes mangroves face and whether these changes differ or are similar in different parts of the world. Using a multiple case study approach, focused on Vietnam, Zanzibar, and Brazil, this research analyzed the drivers, pressures, states, impacts, and responses (DPSIR) of mangrove systems. A qualitative content analysis was used on a purposively sampled document set for each country to identify and collate evidence under each of the DPSIR categories. Population growth and changing political and economic processes were key drivers across the three countries, leading to land use change and declining states of mangroves. This had an impact on the delivery of regulatory and provisioning ecosystem services from mangroves and on the welfare of coastal communities. Responses have been predominantly regulatory and aim to improve mangrove states, but without always considering ecosystem services or the consequences for welfare. The issue of scale emerged as a critical factor with drivers, pressures, impacts, and responses operating at different levels (from international to local), with consequences for response effectiveness.