Browsing by Author "Omari, Shani"

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    Gender Representation in Simba and Yanga’s Joking Cartoons in Tanzania
    (Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies, Taylor & Francis, 2019-08-20) Omari, Shani
    Simba and Yanga are popular soccer teams in Tanzania and are known as long-time joking partners. Several cartoons have emerged in relation to their joking relationship. This paper examines how gender is represented in the joking cartoons between these two soccer teams in Tanzania. The focus of this paper is on the cartoons that display male and female characters. The guiding questions are: How is gender represented in these joking cartoons? What are the themes conveyed by that representation? What is the broader role of such gender depiction in the entire Tanzanian society? The data for this study were collected from blogs and websites. By using Social Identity Theory, this study found that some cartoons seem to disadvantage women by depicting them as incapable of fighting for success in life as they are portrayed as failures. The study also revealed that the themes conveyed by gender representation in these cartoons are sports (victory and defeat), marriage, love and sex, religion, leisure and entertainment, reproduction and decision-making. Despite the fact that these cartoons are about jokes in sports, they demonstrate a traditional stereotypical representation of women as unsuccessful and compliant and men as successful and decisive.
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    Hip Hop Music as a Youth Medium for Cultural Struggle in Zanzibar
    (The Journal of Pan African Studies, 2013) Omari, Shani
    Hip Hop Music as a Youth Medium for Cultural Struggle in Zanzibar Shani Omari Department of Literature, Communication and Publishing Institute of Kiswahili Studies, University of Dar es Salaam shaniom@yahoo.co.uk Abstract This paper examines how Zanzibari youth engage in hip hop music as a global youth culture. In spite of the fact that, globally, hip hop music has become a youth form of entertainment and a source of income for unemployed youth, on the Tanzanian islands of Zanzibar (Pemba and Unguja) its development is still slow. The objective of this paper is to examine how hip hop music on the Tanzanian islands creates the cultural challenges and controversies in society and how the youth struggle for its survival. The paper discusses the situation of hip hop on the Tanzanian islands, where the majority of the population is Muslim, and examines youth initiatives or struggles in engaging in it in the construction of a cosmopolitan culture in contemporary Zanzibar in spite of the problems and the generational conflict. The article concludes that this struggle is also contextualized within a larger historical framework of the struggle of the Tanzanian youth since soon after independence (1960s) in shaping new forms of culture.
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    Imaging the Woman through Tanzanian Women’s Maxims
    (Journal of International Women's Studies, Bridgewater State College, 2018) Omari, Shani; Senkoro, Fikeni
    Women’s maxims, as well as other forms of oral literature in Tanzania, are a popular genre. They are verbal arts that can be self-addressed or addressed to a fellow woman among womenfolk. This paper intends to examine the role of these maxims in imaging women in Tanzania. This study was prompted by the findings of previous studies regarding the portrayal of women in Kiswahili literature where, generally, women are depicted as inferior beings compared to men, partly due to the fact that most authors are men. Hence, we found it imperative to investigate women’s maxims that are created and uttered by women themselves. The study was also prompted by other studies worldwide on language and gender. The questions to be addressed in this paper are: What is generally portrayed in such maxims? Why do women create, use and perpetuate such maxims? How do women consider themselves in relation to men? The data of this study was collected in Dar es Salaam through interviews and observation techniques. This study is significant to literary critics, sociolinguists, gender practitioners, cultural theorists and researchers on women studies. The study revealed that women’s maxims make much contribution to group identity formation, gender relations and culture. Through these maxims women marginalize their role, empower themselves, create gender constructs and gender differences and give themselves new outlook in the modern society.
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    Makumbusho ya Taifa na Nyumba Utamaduni Dar es Salaam, Tanzania The National Museum and House of Culture
    (Tanzania The National Museum and House of Culture, 2015) Hansen, Anders Hog; Ekstrom, Ylva; Omari, Shani
    The study aimed at analyzing how children, youths and cultural professionals engage with media technologies and facilities, and their fellow visitors and users, at the House of Culture and National Museum in Dar es Salaam. The House of Culture, part of the National Museum of Tanzania, opened in December 2011. The researchers conducted two field trips, in March-April 2012 and March-April 2013 to uncover the House of Culture and the museum’s potentials as open public resource center with accessible, and in use, cultural heritage resources. The study explored the development of the site, during its first 16 months approximately, with a focus on practices of staff and visitors /users of the National Museum and House of Culture.
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    ‘Mgogoro’ wa Ushairi wa Kiswahili bado Upo?: Uchunguzi wa Nyimbo za Muziki wa Hip hop na Bongo fleva nchini Tanzania
    (Kioo cha Lugha, TUKI, 2017) Omari, Shani
    Nyimbo za muziki wa Hip hop na Bongo fleva zimekuwa maarufu nchini Tanzania kuanzia miaka ya 1980. Nyimbo hizi, kama mojawapo ya tanzu au kipera cha ushairi simulizi wa Kiswahili, zimekuwa ni chanzo kizuri cha utafiti kuhusiana na masuala mbalimbali yahusikayo. Miongoni mwa mambo yanayoonekana kuanza kujitokeza katika nyimbo hizo ni mgogoro wa ushairi kama ule ambao ulitokea miaka ya 1970 katika ushairi wa Kiswahili. Makala hii inalenga kulichunguza suala hili ili kujua namna linavyojitokeza pamoja na mawanda yake. Makala ya utafiti huu imejikita hasa katika kuchunguza mashairi ya nyimbo za muziki huu ili kuchunguza viashiria vya mgogoro huu. Nadharia ya Uhemenitiki ndiyo iliyotumika katika uchambuzi wa data za makala hii. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yanaonesha kuwa kuna mjadala wa chini kwa chini unaoendelea baina ya wasanii kupitia nyimbo zao kuhusiana na shairi zuri la muziki wao liweje kifani na hata kimaudhui. Hata hivyo bado ‘mgogoro’ huo haujafikia upeo mkubwa.
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    Misemo ya ‘Vyuma Vimekaza’: Uchambuzi wa Mtindo na Dhima yake
    (Kiswahili Journal, TUKI, University of Dar es Salaam, 2019) Omari, Shani
    Misemo ni kipera kimojawapo cha semi. Ni fungu la maneno lenye maana maalumu, ujumbe kwa muhtasari na ukweli fulani. Misemo mingi huibuka na kutumika kulingana na muktadha fulani wa kijamii. Hivi karibuni (kuanzia mwaka 2016) kumezuka misemo anuwai miongoni mwa Watanzania yenye kuhusisha neno ‘vyuma’ ili kuwasilisha hali au ujumbe fulani. Miongoni mwa misemo hiyo ni ‘Vyuma Vimekaza’, ‘Vyuma Vimebana’, ‘Vyuma Vimeachia’ na kadhalika. Lengo la makala hii ni kujadili maana ya misemo hiyo miongoni mwa watumiaji wake katika muktadha wa sasa nchini Tanzania. Aidha, makala inachambua mitindo iliyotumika katika misemo hiyo na dhima zake. Misemo hii imekusanywa kutoka kwa jamii (baadhi ya watumiaji wa misemo hii), mitandaoni na magazetini. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yanaonesha kwamba misemo hii inatumia mitindo mbalimbali na ina dhima kadhaa kifasihi na kijamii.
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    Mwangwi wa Shaaban Robert katika Muziki wa Hip hop na Bongo Fleva nchini Tanzania
    (Mulika, TUKI, 2015) Omari, Shani
    Shaaban Robert (aliyeishi 1909-1962) ni mmoja wa washairi mahiri wa ushairi wa Kiswahili. Pia, ni mtunzi wa kazi nyingine kama vile insha na riwaya. Umahiri wake unajidhihirisha si tu kwa wingi wa kazi alizotunga, bali pia uteuzi wa fani na maudhui katika kazi hizo. Ingawa alishaiaga dunia muda mrefu uliopita lakini makala haya yanaona kuwa kuna haja ya kuchambua mwangwi wake katika muziki wa Hip hop na Bongo fleva nchini Tanzania. Uandishi wa makala haya umechochewa si tu na umaarufu wa Shaaban Robert, kazi zake na umaarufu wa muziki huu kiasi cha kuwashughulisha watafiti na wanazuoni mbalimbali bali pia kujitokeza kwa vipengele kadhaa vinavyoonekana kushabihiana katika kazi zao za sanaa ingawa wasanii hawa wameishi katika vipindi tofauti. Hivyo basi, madhumuni ya makala haya ni kuchunguza namna wasanii wa muziki wa Hip hop na Bongo fleva wanavyofanana katika baadhi ya vipengele vya tungo zao na Shaaban Robert. Jambo hili limechunguzwa kupitia baadhi ya kazi zao za ushairi na kuchambuliwa kwa kutumia nadharia ya Mwingilianomatini.
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    Swahili Modern Proverbs: The Role of Literary Writers and Social Network Users
    (Swahili Forum, Universität Leipzig, 2016) Omari, Shani
    Proverbs are one of the important oral literary genres in various cultures. Though in many societies and for a long time proverbs are regarded as succinct fixed artistic form, and authoritative which contain a general truth, wisdom and experience of the society and its creators are elders or anonymous, these characteristics are increasingly challenged today. This paper, therefore, intends to examine how Swahili literary writers and social network users participate in the creation and spread of Swahili modern proverbs in Tanzania. Data of this study were collected from Swahili literary works and websites. The findings reveal that, the need to address and cope with today’s environment and change of worldview of the present generation are among the important factors to the emergence of the modern proverbs. It is also noted that modern Swahili proverbs are not only found among the Kiswahili literary writers and social network users but also other people and avenues.
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    Tenzi Tafsiriwa katika Kiswahili: Ruwaza ya Shujaa Inavyojenga Falsafa katika Utenzi wa Kalevala
    (Nadharia za Tafsiri, Ukalimani na Uundaji wa Istilahi, Daud Publishing Company Ltd, 2016) Mwagike, Asifiwe; Omari, Shani
    Utenzi wa Kalevala ulichapishwa kwa mara ya kwanza kwa Kifini mwaka 1849. Tangu hapo utenzi huo ulitafsiriwa katika lugha zaidi ya arobaini kama vile Kijerumani (1852), Kiingereza (1880), Kirusi (1888), Kihispaniola (1953) na Kiswahili (1992). Hii dhahiri kuwa tafsiri ni moja ya nyenzo muhimu katika maendeleo ya taaluma mbalimbali na mawasiliano ulimwenguni kote. Lengo la makala hii ni kuchunguza namna ruwaza ya shujaa katika utenzi huu, ambao ni kazi muhimu ya tafsiri kwa Kiswahili na katika ushairi wa Kiswahili, inavyojenga na kuibua falsafa katika utenzi huo. Makala hii inatumia nadharia ya ruwaza ya shujaa ya Clyde Kluckhohn (1965) ili kuibua falsafa katika utenzi husika. Data za makala hii zimepatikana baada ya usomaji makini wa utenzi husika pamoja na machapisho mbalimbali yahusikayo. Makala hii imebaini kuwa ruwaza ya shujaa si tu njia ambazo mashujaa katika kazi ya fasihi wanapitia bali pia ni mkabala au nadharia muhimu ya kiuchambuzi wa kazi ya fasihi, hususan utendi.
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    Texts on Swahili cultural artefacts in Tanzania and the Representation of women's voice
    (JULACE: Journal of University of Namibia Language Centre, 2016) Omari, Shani; Mkomwa, Asha; Mlingi, Scholastica
    This paper seeks to examine how women express themselves in Swahili through household cultural artefacts in Tanzania. The paper focuses on words or texts written on the cultural artefacts, especially food covers and hand fans. We analyze these two artefacts together due to the fact in Swahili society they are mainly used by women at homes and they have some parallels in the content of their texts. Although these artefacts are found in various parts of the country, they are widely available in the coastal areas. The data of this paper, therefore, were collected in three coastal areas in Tanzania, namely Kilwa, Tanga and Dar es Salaam. The paper uses the Semiotic Theory in the analysis of its data. It is generally revealed that food covers and hand fans serve as an important means of communication among Swahili women. The artefacts present issues of the women at the same time communicating their messages to a wider audience.
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    Ujumi wa Mtu Mweusi katika Kazi za Nathari za M.M. Mulokozi
    (Fasihi, Lugha na Utamaduni wa Kiswahili na Kiafrika (Shani Omari na Method Samwel) (wah.), TUKI, 2018) Omari, Shani
    Mugyabuso Mlinzi Mulokozi ni mwanataaluma mahiri katika fasihi ya Kiswahili na Kiafrika. Ni mtunzi wa kazi mbalimbali kama vile riwaya, tenzi, tamthiliya na mashairi. Hata hivyo, sura hii inaangazia kazi zake za kinathari ambazo hasa zinalenga hadhira ya watoto na vijana. Kazi hizo ni Ngome ya Mianzi (1991), Ngoma ya Mianzi (1991) na Moto wa Mianzi (1996). Vitabu hivi vinahusu mapambano baina ya Wahehe na Wadachi mnamo miaka ya 1891-1898. Tunachunguza namna vipengele vya Ujumi wa Mtu mweusi vinavyojitokeza katika kazi hizo. Baada ya utangulizi huu mfupi, sehemu inayofuata inawasilisha muhtasari wa vitabu teule. Sehemu hii itafuatiwa na fasili ya Ujumi wa Mtu mweusi kisha uchambuzi wa Ujumi wa Mtu mweusi katika kazi teule za Mulokozi. Umuhimu wa Ujumi wa Mtu mweusi kifasihi na kijamii pia unazungumziwa na mwisho kabisa ni hitimisho.