Browsing by Author "Makundi, Ismail N."

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    A Mössbauer Study of the Black Colour in Early Cypriote and Nubian C-Group Black-Topped pottery"
    (1989) Makundi, Ismail N.; Waern, Sperber. A; Ericsson, T.
    Cypriot and Nubian C-Group black-topped pottery from ca. 2000 BC have been studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy in combination with carbon analysis, x-ray diffraction, thin sectioning, and oxidizing and reducing refirings. The black parts contained both an excess of Fe2+ over total iron and of free or organic carbon compared with the red parts. Thus both Fe2+ and free or organic carbon contribute to the black color. The red color is mainly due to Fe3+ ions. Although these results are consistent with most of the suggested manufacturing methods, a technique where the pots are fired reducingly seems best suited for the Cypriot and Nubian C-Group vessels studied. Analyses of Attic black gloss showed Fe2+, but no magnetite.