Browsing by Author "Kalinga, Ellen"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Adopting Renewable Energy in Tanzania: Opportunities and Challenges
    (IFIP-WG8.9 Enterprise Information Systems, 2017-10-19) Shililiandumi, Naiman; Rwegasira, Diana; Kalinga, Ellen; Kondoro, Aron; Dhaou, Imed Ben; Kwame, Ibwe; Kelati, Amleset; Mvungi, Nerey H.; Tenhunen, Hannu
    Abstract: Solar energy is one of the sources of power that is obtained in a natural way. Many countries, especially developing countries are making use of the renewable energy for the benefit of their communities, however, the issue of counting the benefit of using solar energy, mainly on cost bases remained undefined to many users/consumers at their premises. In this paper, the research on how thermal solar power can effectively be used in the house to minimize the cost, its requirements and the payback money upon investing on solar power is being addressed. The scenario was based on comparing the cost spends by the residential house with thermal solar power and another house without thermal solar power. The analysis shows that the electric energy saving per year when using solar power is about 51.52% for houses and flats, with payback for the investment cost within 3-4 years. The paper also discussed the building blocks for low-cost ICT infrastructures to deploy solar technologies.
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    Developing Multimedia Enhanced Content to Raise HIV/AIDS Awareness to Children
    (Published by Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019, 2019-05) Simba, Fatuma; Kalinga, Ellen; Makuru, Patricia
    It is estimated that more than two-thirds (70%) of all the 35 million people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the world are in Sub-Saharan Africa. Tanzania as one of the country in sub-Sahara region is no exceptional, more than 60% of all new HIV infections in Tanzania occur among young people. While almost all children in Tanzania aged 15 years and below have heard about HIV/AIDS, less than half have enough knowledge to protect themselves against infections. It is known that HIV/AIDS is taught in primary schools, although majority of the pupils demonstrated a very low level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. This raised a concern on the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS and life skills education in primary schools. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a great potential for HIV/AIDS education to children because they like and enjoy to use ICT resources for entertainment, learning, networking and communication. Hence, it is important to apply technology for educational in teaching HIV/AIDS through the use of multimedia contents in accordance to the local context of Tanzanian curriculum for primary schools. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to develop multimedia enhanced contents to raise HIV/AIDS awareness to children. ADDIE model, Adobe Flash Professional 5, Action Script programming language and articulate storyline2 authoring tool, were used in the development of multimedia enhanced contents. Results show that level of HIV/AIDS knowledge among pupils after using the interactive multimedia has been enhanced in the tested three knowledge areas (causes, prevention and effects). Results in this paper suggest that, multimedia enhanced contents can be used to complement text book based learning approach in enhancing HIV/AIDS awareness for children in primary schools in Tanzania.
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    Development of an Interactive e-Learning Management System (e-LMS) for Tanzanian Secondary Schools
    (Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2010) Kalinga, Ellen
    e-Learning, defined as the use of information and communications technology (ICT) for supporting the educational process, has motivated Tanzania to apply ICT in its education systems. Tanzanian secondary schools which are geographically and socially isolated face a number of problems, including a way to get learning materials. The impact of these problems is poor performance in National Examinations. This poor performance however is most noted in science and mathematics. The problem in getting learning materials can be reduced by employing ICT. This research developed an interactive e-learning management system (e-LMS) to be used by Tanzanian secondary schools. Tanzania Secondary Schools e-Learning (TanSSe-L) system is the name adopted for an interactive e-LMS developed. The research is aimed at supporting teaching and learning functions by allowing for the creation and storage of learning materials, making them available, easily accessed and sharable by students from different secondary schools in Tanzania. It is a context driven research work of knowledge production in a specific context for application. Initially, the research work focused on two selected pilot schools; Kibaha Secondary School and Wali-ul-Asr Girls’ Seminary in Kibaha town, Pwani region. Features of the TanSSe-L system represent the standard form of any secondary school registered by the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training. The development of the TanSSe-L system made use of software engineering discipline. The research used Unified Modelling Language (UML) and integrated Object-Oriented System Analysis and Design (OOSA&D) and Model Driven Architecture (MDA) to address the System Development Life Cycle (SLDC) in a systemic way. UML design class diagram (DCD) is a Platform Independent Model (PIM) that was transformed into a Platform Specific Model (PSM) in MDA for implementation. Implementation made use of open source LMS to help generate a timely solution to TanSSe-L system development. In this specific context, focus group discussion as inspired by action research methodology was used. The research evolved into a triple helix process in close cooperation with other stakeholders. Finally, it is considered that replication and mirroring will make learning materials highly available to end-users
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    Neural Network Model for Predicting Students’ Achievement in Blended Courses at the University of Dar es Salaam
    (International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Applications (IJAIA), 2017-03) Kazumali, Eliah; Kalinga, Ellen
    Educator’s knowledge about the likely students’ achievement in blended courses prior to sitting for examinations provides room for early intervention on students’ learning process, especially to those at risk. Unfortunately, Leaning Management Systems (LMSs), Moodle in particular lacks an environment to assist educators access such knowledge from time to time before undertaking their examinations. This raised the need to propose a model, of which from time to time would be providing the likely students’ achievement based on activities in Moodle and previous achievement, taking a case of postgraduate programmes at the University of Dar es Salaam. This study applied artificial neural networks in building a prediction model. Simulations were conducted in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) utilizing seventy eight instances (78) of students’ logs of three blended courses extracted from Moodle for 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 academic years. Mean Square Error (MSE) and Coefficient of Determination (R2) performance metrics were used to find the best prediction model considering ten possible models. The study revealed a model with architecture of 4:10:1 trained with Bayesian Regularization (BR) to be the best model resulting to least MSE of 0.0170 and high R2 of 93 on training. During testing, the model successfully predicted 78% of the students’ achievement with risk and pass status.
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    Telemonitoring of the PV Panels for Quality Assurance
    (IFIP-WG8.9 Enterprise Information Systems, 2017-10-19) Ibwe, Kwame; Rwegasira, Diana; Dhaou, Imed Ben; Kalinga, Ellen; Shilliandumi, Naiman; Kondoro, Aaron; Tenhunen, Hannu; Mvungi, Nerey H.
    The Tanzania’s power system master plan of 2012 targeted to increase per capita electricity consumption from 81kWh in 2011/12 to 200kWh by 2017/18, through increased generation capacity alongside renewable energy sources. To accelerate the plan solar power is the most viable solution to the 80% of Tanzanians with no access to grid power. Pilot project has been implemented at Kisiju village at the Pwani region. Photovoltaic (PV) based mini-grid has been constructed to supply electricity to village hospital, school, office, streetlights and selected residents. Telemonitoring of these PV cells is vital for better energy management, quality assurance and situation awareness. This paper proposes a system for real-time telemonitoring of PV cells for remote villages in Tanzania. The system senses, measure, process and share the power performance of the cells. The system uses Arduino and Raspberry PI for sensing, processing and networking for remote server access and for display. In this work, the Arduino board is used to monitor PV parameters such as voltage, current and temperature and to profile power generation. The Raspberry PI forms the core of the system that processes the sensed parameters and sends them through wireless network or Internet to the remote server. The information is displayed by the web application through which administrators can monitor the PV power generation status in real time. The system is configured such that data is sent only when there is a change to avoid network congestion and saving buffer space from accumulating redundant data in the server.