Browsing by Author "Kaijage, Frederick J."
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Item AIDS Control and the Burden of History in Northwestern Tanzania(Springer, 1993) Kaijage, Frederick J.The Bahaya constitute the largest single cultural unit in the northwestern Tanzanian region of Kagera and occupy the area where AIDS was first diagnosed in Tanzania in 1983. The locality inhabited by the Bahaya is also the worst affected by AIDS in the country. Seroprevalence surveys conducted in 1987 found seroprevalence among those aged 15-54 to be 32.8% in Bukoba urban district, 9.7% in Bukoba rural and Muleba districts, and 4.6% in Karagwe district. More recent surveys would no doubt found higher prevalences of infection. HIV transmission among adults in Africa is primarily bidirectional and through heterosexual activity between multiple sexual partners. The author considers historical antecedents in the social construction of disease, the cultural dimension of Haya sexuality, and the socioeconomic basis of HIV transmission, and argues that disease is as much a biological fact as it is a social fact. Specifically, he highlights the merit of referring to how past epidemics of sexually transmitted diseases have been handled; notes that the sexual transmission of disease is strongly influenced by socioeconomic forces; and discusses how the situation has been aggravated by political instability in neighboring Uganda. Efforts to modify sexual behavior toward the prevention of AIDS will be successful only if coupled with measures to strengthen the region's economy and redress the effects of war.Item The AIDS Crisis in the Kagera Region, Tanzania, from an Historical Perspective(1989) Kaijage, Frederick J.Item Kyamutwara(1971) Kaijage, Frederick J.Item Labor Conditions in the Tanzanian Mining Industry, 1930-1960(1983) Kaijage, Frederick J.Item Labouring Barnsley, 1816-1856: a Social and Economic History(1975) Kaijage, Frederick J.In the closing years of the 18th century, as linen weaving was displaced by cotton in many English towns, the industry took refuge in a few localities, one of which was the township of Barnsley. The Barnsley linen industry expanded in the first three decades of the 19th century and attracted a large immigrant labour force. But owing to competition from cotton and from linen produced in Ireland and Scotland, the town's linen trade began to decline. By the mid-1850's, it was no longer the staple industry. Coal had replaced it. This study examines the social and economic structure of Barnsley during its rapid urbanization. By employing statistical sources traditionally neglected by historians, it goes beyond other social and economic histories of the period. The problems of the Bnglish linen trade, whose history has never been written, are discussed. The plight of the linen weavers who suffered from chronic unemployment, declining wages and bad living conditions, is compared and contrasted with the position of the coal miners, whose industry, in the last years of our period, enjoyed prosperity. The industrial militancy of the weavers, who persistently tried to resist wage reductions, contrasted with the relative docility of the miners. Barnsley played a prominent role in radicalism, Chartism and other working-class movements of the early 19th century. This thesis aims to relate these developments to the community in which they took place. The class-consciousness of the Barnsley workers had marry roots: the peculiar problems of the linen trade; the oligarchic nature of its parochial institutions, dominated by employers; and the influence of its immigrant population. The ideas which interacted with these forces are also discussed.Item Management Consulting in Africa: Utilizing Local Expertise(Kumarian Press, 1993) Kaijage, Frederick J.Item The Migration Factor in American and African Labour History(1993) Kaijage, Frederick J.In the histories of both the United State of America and Africa, migration of labour constitutes an important chapter. It is generally associated with the processes of change that entailed economic and social transformations. These transformations were observable on the part of both th~'origins and the destinations of the migrants. Labour migration on a significant scale meant a far-reaching disruption of economic and social life on the part not only of the individual migrants but of whole communities. Such a phenomenon can only be explained in terms of either sudden social upheavals or, more often, fundamental structural changes in society:Item Patterns and Processes of Social Exclusion in Tanzania(1995) Tibaijuka, Anna K.; Kaijage, Frederick J.Item Peasant Resistance to Proletarianization in Colonial Tanzania(African Studies Center, 1983) Kaijage, Frederick J.Item Using Rapid Research to Develop a National Strategy to Assist Families Affected by AIDS in Tanzania.(1997) Hunter, S.; Kaijage, Frederick J.; Maack, P.; Kiondo, A.; Masanja, P.Although information on African family adaptation to the AIDS epidemic is critical to planning and managing government, donor and NGO programs of assistance, current knowledge is limited to a small number of research studies. An AIDS prevention project in Tanzania undertook a rapid national assessment to identify the major problems for families in Tanzania in adapting to the epidemic. The methodology used for the work was distinct from prior studies: the research covered a wide cross-section of Tanzanian population groups to gauge the extent of ethnic, urban–rural and regional variation; it was rapid and qualitative, to gather data on broad trends in a short time; and it was designed in co-operation with policymakers so they could understand the approach being used and were receptive to the findings. The study identified common problems in AIDS care, counselling and survivor assistance. Many of the problems for families with AIDS have their origin in poverty and changes in African family structures over the past 20 years, which African demographers are just beginning to describe. Stresses arising from these changes are now being aggravated by AIDS, but families with sufficient resources, whether female or male-headed, are coping better than those without.