Department of Finance

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https://repository.udsm.ac.tz/handle/123456789/58

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Browsing Department of Finance by Author "D’Espallier, Bert"

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    An institutional view on access to finance by Tanzanian women owned enterprises
    (Springer, 2018) Naegells, Vanessa; Mori, Neema; D’Espallier, Bert
    We investigate the limited use of bank and microfinance loans by Tanzanian female entrepreneurs. Using survey data, we observe that female entrepreneurs mainly use informal sources to finance their businesses. We analyse how ‘perceptions’ of gendered cognitive and normative institutions determine whether a female entrepreneur applies for a formal loan. Following results stand out: first, we find that high collateral requirements, interest rates and personal guarantee requirements make formal loans unattractive. Second, female entrepreneurs only apply when they expect to be successful. Since they ‘perceive’ access to finance to be more problematic for women, female entrepreneurs are discouraged from applying. Third, female entrepreneurs ‘perceive’ they have insufficient access to financial knowledge which again will prevents them from applying. This study contributes to theory by exploring the effect of entrepreneurs’ perceptions of the institutional business environment on financing behaviour. Furthermore, we show that the low use of formal loans by female entrepreneurs is primarily demand-driven, which calls into question the effectivity of policy recommendations aiming to increase supply of formal loans.
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    The process of female borrower discouragement
    (Elsevier, 2021-06) Naegels, Vanessa; Mori, Neema; D’Espallier, Bert
    Recent entrepreneurial finance literature identifies ‘borrower discouragement’ as an important phenomenon explaining why female entrepreneurs hold less capital to grow their venture. But how do you become a discouraged borrower? We apply grounded theory to interviews with Tanzanian female entrepreneurs and model the process via which these entrepreneurs become discouraged. Our model suggests that entrepreneurs hold negative perceptions regarding loan application, allocation and payback procedures shaped by both internal and external information sources. We demonstrate that negative perceptions cause an unfavorable attitude towards formal loans which together with entrepreneurs’ perceptions of societal norms lead to a low intention to apply.