Department of Geography
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Browsing Department of Geography by Author "Haulle, Evaristo"
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Item Building Community Resilience to Earthquake Disaster Risk Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case of Southwestern Tanzania(Tanzania UNESCO National Committee, 2009) Hambat, Hebert; Haulle, Evaristo; Rugumamu, WilliamItem Community Awareness and their Response to Bio fuel Production in Tanzania: A Case of Kisarawe and Singida Districts(SRYAHWA Publications, 2015-07-25) Haulle, EvaristoThe papers assess the community awareness and their responses to biofuel production in Tanzania. There is global concern in alternative source of energy as the consumption of fossils fuels increases with the decline of fuel reserves during the last two centuries and especially during the last two decades. It has been assumed that the marginal soils that have failed to support other food crop will support Jatropha farming and therefore improve community income and wellbeing. The in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions were employed to find out the reality and people`s perception on the biofuel production. Documentary search complimented the primary data in relation to global context. It was observed that in Kisarawe people were in need of income and alternative source of income though they were sceptical on its advantages. Singida showed it clear that biofuel production has no benefit to their community. Land dispossession with very limited or compensation is dominant with unfulfilled promises. It is concluded that the process of the project introduction was not participatory people were considered as recipient and therefore a lot of conflict have emerged and will continue to rise. There is need to adopt the bottom up cum top down approach with clear analysis of viability of the development project for sustainable development.Item Ethical Issues and Politics in Research for Sustainable Resource Management in Tanzania(David Publishing, 2015-05-16) Haulle, EvaristoResearch ethics is key for resource management in any community. Through in-depth interview, observation and documentary search it was noted that most of the studies lack integrity. People are hired to produce report without clear and streamlined methodology. Nature of the community and the way it is organised poses challenge in acquiring information. People expression is an important aspect in getting liable findings. The conflicts over resources in Namawala and Magaiduru villages led to loss of trust and rejection of researchers as they are discovered to falsify the community. Some findings were fabricated to convince the donors’ interests to call for more funds. Other decision makers would commission researcher to produce false data to suit their interests. This causes academic and researchers be classified as a tool of politician to pacify the public in order to maintain the status quo. The problem is caused by lack of sufficient research fund and understanding on the research essence, and importance of ethical consideration for good research. The situation causes multiple sided effects in the community. Generally, lack of research ethics and presence of greed politicians jeopardise resource management, peace and security. There is need to build the culture of truth and integrity for community development. Research methods need to be taught rigorously in order to build capacity in tools and principles.Item Evaluating Earthquake Disaster Risk Management in Schools in Rungwe Volcanic Province in Tanzania(AOSIS Publishing, 2012-05-20) Haulle, EvaristoThis article establishes existing knowledge on earthquakes and coping mechanisms employed in reducing the severity of adverse impacts caused by an earthquake disaster in a specific locality. The purpose of the study was to recommend useful measures for disaster risk management. It also more particularly aimed at assessing mechanisms employed in reducing the disaster risk and integrating knowledge of disasters and hazards in primary and secondary school curricula. The study was carried out in Rungwe Volcanic Province in Rungwe District, Tanzania, and included recording people’s attitudes towards earthquake disaster and locations of schools. It employed focus group discussions, public hearings and interviews in order to capture the actual situation relating to risk and vulnerability assessments by the community. The study revealed high levels of risk and vulnerability to the impact of earthquakes on the part of the community, who accepted earthquakes as a normal phenomenon and therefore did not employ special measures to reduce the impact. The study showed that the community’s coping mechanisms and the extent to which disaster management knowledge has been integrated in school curricula are inadequate in addressing earthquake disasters. It is thus recommended that traditional and modern technologies be integrated in curricula and later in sustainable practices; such technologies include the belief in ‘Nyifwila’, traditional housing style and wooden housing, and non-structural planning for disaster risk management.Item Fertility Myth of Oldoinyo Lengai and Its Impacts to the Maasai Community of Northern Tanzania(2015) Haulle, Evaristo; Njewele, DelphineThe paper aims to explore the myth of fertility associated with Oldoinyo Lengai and its impacts to the Maasai community in the Gregorian rift valley system in northern Tanzania. It assumes that in African spirituality, myths are used to guide knowledge, values and practices in the community and Mother Nature. Fertility is among the major transformation event in human life circles that can be reflected through community myth. Through in-depth interviews and observation techniques primary data relating to culture, customs and traditions were obtained. Documentary search was employed to supplement field data. The study found out that the Maasai community depended on the Oldoinyo Lengai (Mountain of God) for the fertility of human and animals. The fertility myth among the Maasai pressurized them to prefer many children. The myth also encouraged the dominance of promiscuousness; and the deterioration of health due to bearing many children with limited maternal health care and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Thus the myth of Oldoinyo Lengai in relation to fertility has caused incredible adverse impact to the Maasai community, particularly in Tanzania. The study recommends that health education and services be extended to villages in the vicinity of Oldoinyo Lengai with service providers who are well-trained to integrate the nature of the myth and its side effects to the community in relation to the changing socio-economic landscape. Moreover, it is imperative to empower the community members economically and socially so that they can decide their fate and exercise their consent.Item The Impact of Road Accidents to the Community of Iringa Municipality: Challenges in Reducing Risks(hipatia press, 2016-11) Haulle, Evaristo; Kisiri, MarwaThis paper examines impact of Road Accidents on community socio-economic activities in Iringa municipality. It assumes that accident as any disaster adversely affects people, property and environment. The paper employed questionnaire, interview, observation and documentary search for data collection. The study found that road accidents on-site conditions were caused by poor infrastructure, overloading of vehicles, law impunity, inadequacy of relevant laws, corruption, negligence of drivers, lack of road safety education and road traffic signs. Road accidents caused loss of lives, increase of dependence, destruction of property, increase of poverty, injuries and permanent disabilities. Provision of training to drivers, serious enforcement of the laws, provision of education to road users through public agitations, posters and television broadcasts, introduction of ad hoc inspection of road quality and transport facilities were some of the techniques used to curb the risk. Generally, road accidents caused a great loss of human, physical and natural resources. The intervention is on on-site conditions while very little attention is put on the root causes. It is recommended that, in addressing this human induced disaster the government in collaboration with other stakeholders should focus on the root causes in a participatory manner to bring community equity hence sustainable development.Item Land Resource In Tanzania: Whose State, Whose Resource?(Redfame Publishing, 2015-11-11) Haulle, EvaristoThis paper assesses land resource in Tanzania in relation to ownership, access and control for livelihood and development. The ownership of state and resources impacts the community stability and development. The paper employs political ecology approach to analyze the state of art in relation to land. In-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions and Literature review were employed to establish historical trend in relation to conflicts and contradictions that exist in resource management. The paper advances that, since 1895, Tanzania has undergone a number of land reforms. Since then, principles of land tenure have not changed. This resulted to conflicts over land which occurs in different forms and scale. After independence, land was dispossessed in the name of national/or public interest to establish National Parks, agricultural projects and other projects that did not respond to internal demands. After the failure of the projects such land was not returned to the users. Moreover, Tanzania has formulated a number of laws to facilitate accumulation. These include commodification of land that raised its demand hence second scramble. About 16 Acts were enacted annually since 1990 to fulfil the demand that caused the rise of the question whose state. Both Tanzania and Mozambique inherited colonial systems of natural resource management and ownership which continue to inform the current practice. The state apparatuses are the agents of accumulation. The situation will be tense in future if not addressed now.Item Linking School Environment to Geo Disaster Risk Reduction for Sustainable Development in Tanzania(2015-06-01) Haulle, Evaristo; Rugumamu, WilliamThe paper reflects on the need for linking Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and school environment which is necessary for preparing students to relate disasters to development. The study was based on a review of school curriculum, questionnaire monitoring, focus group discussions and observation. Data were analysed by content and SPSS software. Findings revealed that Education Development Plans overlooked earthquake risk in designs and locations of buildings while the curricula inadequately internalise DRR approaches. In conclusion DRR is not intimately linked to school environment and hence the need for strategically developing comprehensive curricula and enhance participatory schools management for sustainable development.