Mukandala, Rwekaza S.2016-09-212016-09-212002-12Mukandala, R. S. (2002), The State of African Democracy. Occasional Paper Center of African Studies, University of Copenhagen87-91121-08-6http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11810/3954It is almost forty years today since Ghana gained her independence in 1956 and joined Ethiopia, Egypt and Liberia as an independent African country. While Ghana was a trailblazer in gaining independence in Sub-Saharan Africa, which was a very positive, and joyous development, she has also been a trailblazer in other instances some of which not as positive. Also she has been a follower in others. Her history reflects what has invariably happened in the rest of Africa: a successful nationalist struggle, independence, optimistic euphoria, military coups, assassinations and betrayal, social movements, social protests and struggles for democracy and livelihood, continued subordination to global capitalism: falling proceeds from exports, rising costs of imports and debt, falling standards of living and declining livelihoods.enAfrican DemocracyOther