HIV-1 Infection Prevalence and Incidence Trends in Areas of Contrasting Levels of Infection in the Kagera Region, Tanzania, 1987-2000

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dc.contributor.authorKwesigabo, Gideon
dc.contributor.authorKillewo, Japhet
dc.contributor.authorUrassa, Willy
dc.contributor.authorLugalla, Joe
dc.contributor.authorEmmelin, Maria
dc.contributor.authorMutembei, Aldin K.
dc.contributor.authorMhalu, Fred
dc.contributor.authorBiberfeld, Gunnel
dc.contributor.authorWall, Stig
dc.contributor.authorSandstrom, Anita
dc.date.accessioned2016-05-20T11:44:00Z
dc.date.available2016-05-20T11:44:00Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.descriptionFull text can be accessed at http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Abstract/2005/12150/HIV_1_Infection_Prevalence_and_Incidence_Trends_in.13.aspxen_US
dc.description.abstractThis study aimed at assessing the extent to which decline in HIV infection prevalence reflects decline in incidence in 3 areas with contrasting initial exposure to the HIV epidemic in the Kagera region of Tanzania. A population sample was recruited for the baseline study in 1987 through a multistage cluster sampling technique to determine HIV prevalence. Seronegative individuals identified in the baseline and subsequent studies were followed up for 3 years to yield trends in incidence that were compared for the 3 areas. The overall age-adjusted HIV-1 prevalence in the high-prevalence area of Bukoba urban declined significantly from 24.2% in 1987 to 18.2% in 1993 and later to 13.3% in 1996 (P = 0.0001). In the medium-prevalence area of Muleba, overall age-adjusted prevalence declined significantly from 10.0% in 1987 to 6.8% in 1996 and later to 4.3% in 1999 (P = 0.0003), whereas in the low-prevalence area of Karagwe the prevalence declined from 4.5% in 1987 to 2.6% in 1999 (P = 0.01). In all 3 areas, the most significant decline was consistently observed among women in the age group 15-24 years. No age group exhibited a significant upward prevalence trend. The HIV-1 incidence for Bukoba urban declined from 47.5 to 9.1 per 1000 person-years of observation in 1989 and 1996, respectively, whereas in Muleba it decreased from 8.2 to 3.9 in 1989 and 2000, respectively. Sex-specific estimates indicated a significant decline among women in the high-prevalence area of Bukoba urban from 51.5 to 9.2 per 1000 person-years at risk (P = 0.001). It is concluded that the HIV-1 epidemic in Kagera is on the decrease as reflected by the decline in HIV-1 incidence and prevalence trends particularly among the 15-24 year olds. The decline in the 3 areas of differing magnitude implies that the HIV/AIDS epidemic may be arrested early without necessarily peaking to saturation levels.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKwesigabo, G., Killewo, J., Urassa, W., Lugalla, J., Emmelin, M., Mutembei, A., Mhalu, F., Biberfeld, G., Wall, S. and Sandstrom, A., 2005. HIV-1 infection prevalence and incidence trends in areas of contrasting levels of infection in the Kagera region, Tanzania, 1987-2000. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 40(5), pp.585-591.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1097/01.qai.0000168183.22147.c4
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11810/2182
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.titleHIV-1 Infection Prevalence and Incidence Trends in Areas of Contrasting Levels of Infection in the Kagera Region, Tanzania, 1987-2000en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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